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Beaufort Scale for Wind

Beaufort number Wind speed Mean wind speed (kt / km/h / mph)

Description
& Picture

Wave height Sea conditions Land conditions
kt km/h mph m/s m ft
0 0 0 0 0-0.2 0 / 0 / 0 Calm 0 0 Flat. Calm. Smoke rises vertically.
1 1-3 1-6 1-3 0.3-1.5 2 / 4 / 2 Light air 0.1 0.33 Ripples without crests. Wind motion visible in smoke.
2 4-6 7-11 4-7 1.6-3.3 5 / 9 / 6 Light breeze 0.2 0.66 Small wavelets. Wind felt on exposed skin. Leaves rustle.
3 7-10 12-19 8-12 3.4-5.4 9 / 17 / 11 Gentle breeze 0.6 2 Large wavelets. Leaves and smaller twigs in constant motion.
4 11-16 20-29 13-18 5.5-7.9 13 / 24 / 15 Moderate breeze 1 3.3 Small waves. Dust and loose paper raised. Small branches begin to move.
5 17-21 30-39 19-24 8.0-10.7 19 / 35 / 22 Fresh breeze 2 6.6 Moderate (1.2 m) longer waves. Some foam and spray. Smaller trees sway.
6 22-27 40-50 25-31 10.8-13.8 24 / 44 / 27 Strong breeze 3 9.9 Large waves with foam crests and some spray. Large branches in motion. Whistling heard in overhead wires. Umbrella use becomes difficult.
7 28-33 51-62 32-38 13.9-17.1 30 / 56 / 35 Near gale 4 13.1 Sea heaps up and foam begins to streak. Whole trees in motion. Effort to walk against the wind.
8 34-40 63-75 39-46 17.2-20.7 37 / 68 / 42 Gale 5.5 18 Moderately high waves with breaking crests forming spindrift. Streaks of foam. Twigs broken from trees. Cars veer on road.
9 41-47 76-87 47-54 20.8-24.4 44 / 81 / 50 Strong gale 7 23 High waves (2.75 m) with dense foam. Wave crests start to roll over. Considerable spray. Light structure damage.
10 48-55 88-102 55-63 24.5-28.4 52 / 96 / 60 Storm 9 29.5 Very high waves. The sea surface is white and there is considerable tumbling. Visibility is reduced. Trees uprooted. Considerable structural damage.
11 56-63 103-117 64-72 28.5-32.6 60 / 111 / 69 Violent storm 11.5 37.7 Exceptionally high waves. Widespread structural damage.
12 >63 >117 >72 >32.7 N/A Hurricane 14+ 46+ Huge waves. Air filled with foam and spray. Sea completely white with driving spray. Visibility very greatly reduced. Massive and widespread damage to structures.
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