Please take the time to read the rules that I have written for this contest. Free flight racing is a game we play for fun; knowledge of the rules will only serve to enhance your enjoyment of the game. There will be much more info about Owen’s Valley flight safety, launch transport, retrieves, GPS use, and the strategy and tactics of free flight racing at the Sept. 20 Mandatory Pilot Meeting.

I’m looking forward to flying with you.

J.C. Brown

Meet Director

2002 Nationals

Copyright!

1. This document may be used for information only and may not be exploited for commercial purposes.

2. Any copy of this document or portion thereof must include this copyright notice.

1. General

1.1. Sanction (2.3.A) (5.2.) (10.4.)

The 2002 U.S. National Paragliding Championships (hereafter referred to as the “2002 Nationals”) are CIVL Category 2 sanctioned and are also sanctioned Class A by the United States Hang Gliding Association (USHGA). Numbers appearing next to a paragraph heading mean that the paragraph fulfills a specified requirement or refers to a rule in that section of the 2002 USHGA Competition Rulebook. The USHGA Rulebook is recommended reading for the pilots entered in the 2002 Nationals. Download the USHGA Rulebook at: www.ushga.org .

1.2. Location (12.1) (12.3)

Meet Headquarters will be at the White Mountain Research Station (WMRS). Launch will be located at Gunter Canyon. Landing areas will include Goals listed in the Turnpoint and Goal List as well as the HQ LZ located at The WMRS.

1.3. Schedule and Time (12.1) (12.2)

Official’s and Volunteer’s Meeting: Sept 20, 4:00-5:00 PM at Meet HQ

Online Registration: at http://flyaboveall.com/2002nats/

Onsite Registration: Sept 19 & 20 at Meet HQ.

Mandatory Pilot Meeting: Sept. 20, 6:00-8:00 PM at Meet HQ.

Agenda items: Safety, transport, GPS, scoring, strategy & more.

Competition: Sept. 21-27, 2002.

Pilot Awards: Sept. 28 at Meet HQ.

Official time is UTC minus 7 hours

No official rest days are planned. No official practice days are planned. There are no rain, weather, or contingency plans to extend or postpone the competition.

2002 Nationals Daily Competition Schedule

Operation	Location	Time
HQ Open	Meet HQ	8:30AM
Transport to Launch Begins	Meet HQ	9:30 AM
Task Committee Meeting	Launch	11:00 AM
Daily Pilot Meeting	Launch	11:45 AM
Launch Open	Launch	12:15 PM
First Start	Start Cylinder	1:15 PM
Last Start	Start Cylinder	2:15 PM
Launch Close	Launch	3:00 PM
Goal Close	Goal	6:00 PM
Reporting Deadline	Meet HQ	7:30 PM

This schedule is subject to change. Any changes to the schedule will be announced by the Meet Director at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

1.4. Entry fees (9.1) (12.4)

All entry fees must be paid in full prior to the first round of competition. Fees will not be refunded to disqualified competitors.

1.5. USHGA Meet Steward (5.1.A.3) (5.1.B)

The USHGA Meet Steward is J. C. Brown.

1.6 Rule Changes (5.2.B.) (9.7)

Any changes to the 2002 Nationals Rulebook will be announced at the Daily Pilot Meeting and will be posted at Meet HQ for the pilots to read.

1.7 Ground Support Vehicles (12.6)

Competitors should use Official Nationals Transports (ONT’s) for transportation to the launch. Pilots must be ready 10 minutes before the scheduled departure time of their assigned ONT. Competitors will be allowed to transport one glider per contest day. Competitors wishing to transport additional gear must have the specific approval of the Transport Director before they may load the additional gear on an ONT. ONTs are for the use of competitors, meet officials and personnel authorized by the Transport Director only.

The Transport Director must specifically approve the use of any private vehicle(s) for launch transport. Private vehicles will be assigned scheduled times for transporting pilots and gear. Private vehicles will only be allowed on the road during these scheduled times. Private vehicles must stay on the road or in designated parking areas. Speeding or driving off-road will not be tolerated. Penalties may be assessed to competitors whose crews drive off road, speed, or operate their vehicles in an unsafe or impolite manner. Competitors will be held responsible for any road damage caused by their crews beyond normal wear and tear.

2. Competitor Qualifications (3.1) (12.5)

2.1. USHGA Membership (3.1.A.1)

Class A sanction requires all competitors to have a full membership in the USHGA. A three-month membership is acceptable for foreign pilots. Proof of membership must be presented at registration.

2.2. Rating and Special Skill Sign-offs (3.1.B.1) (3.1.B.2) (12.5)

Proof of current USHGA Advanced paraglider pilot rating or foreign equivalent with special skill sign-offs for TUR, XC, RLF, are required and will be checked prior to flying the first round of competition.

2.3. Residency (3.1.B.5) (12.5)

There are no residency requirements, except that only a U.S. citizen can win the title of U.S. National Champion and or U.S. Women’s National Champion.

2.4. Competitor Age (3.1.A.3)

Minimum age for competitors is 16.

3. Competitor Responsibilities (9.8)

3.1. FAR Part 103 and Cloud Flying (9.6.B)

All competitors will comply with FAR 103 at all times. Any verified infraction will result in a penalty for the day. FAR 103.23 is the section of FAR 103 that specifies cloud clearances (see appendix B). Cloud flying is unsporting, dangerous, and against the law. The penalty for a pilot’s first verified infraction of FAR 103.23 will be a zero score for the day. The penalty for the second verified infraction of FAR 103.23 will be disqualification from the meet. Photographic evidence will be required to verify FAR 103.23 infractions in all cases except where the Meet Director and/or Safety Director visually identifies the pilot violating FAR 103.23. A sectional will be displayed at all pilot meetings where a task is being discussed. Pilots are expected to familiarize themselves with any restricted air space along the task course.

3.2. Right of Way (9.6.C) (12.6)

Pilots will follow generally accepted right of way and thermal etiquette rules. During the period when the Launch is open, pilots within two miles of Launch will make all thermaling turns to the left, unless the Meet Director informs pilots otherwise at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

3.3. Midair Collision (9.9) (12.6)

Competitors involved in a collision in the air must not continue the flight if the structural integrity of any of the involved gliders is in doubt. Pilots will be scored as if they had landed at the point of the collision. Midair collisions must be reported to the Meet Director. Individual reports from all the involved pilots are required. Penalties will be assessed for failure to do so.

3.4 Briefings and Rules (9.3) (9.4) (9.7)

It is the pilot’s responsibility to understand the 2002 USHGA and 2002 Nationals Competition Rules, and to attend the Daily Pilot Meetings and keep up with all schedule changes, course modifications, and rules amendments.

4. Equipment (12.6)

4.1 Gliders (12.4)

All gliders may be subject to a safety inspection by the Meet Director and/or Safety Director at any time. Any glider deemed unairworthy by the Meet Director and Safety Director will be prohibited from flying.

4.1.A Glider Classes (12.4)

The 2002 Nationals are open to Paragliders only (Class 3 hang gliders as defined in the 2002 CIVL Sporting Code Section 7).

4.1.B. Switching Gliders (12.6)

Switching gliders is allowed. However, all glider switches must be approved by the Meet Director. Unapproved glider switches may result in penalties.

4.1.C. Glider Identification (8.11.A)

Placing your 2002 Nationals Pilot ID Number on your glider is not required. Pilots that wish to number their gliders must do so in accordance with the 2002 USHGA Rulebook.

4.2. Radios and Mobile Telephones (4.2.E.) (12.6)

Radios that are capable of receiving and transmitting on 151.925 MHz are recommended. In the interest of safety, radio use will not be restricted in any way, except that pilots and crew are requested to refrain from using the contest administration frequency, 151.925 MHz, except in emergencies. Any pilot operating a voice-actuated microphone on 151.925 MHz will be penalized.

In the interest of safety there are no restrictions on mobile telephone use.

All pilots and crews are requested to submit their mobile telephone numbers and intended frequency of choice to the Meet Director at the Sept 20 Mandatory Pilot Meeting.

The Meet Organizer will cooperate with the FCC and local Ham groups if pilots are found operating without a valid Amateur License and/or USHGA PA authorization and/or operating on restricted frequencies.

4.4. Helmets (4.2.B) (12.6)

Protective headgear meeting the approval of the Meet Director and Safety Director must be worn on the heads of all competitors during flight.

4.5. Ballast (4.2.F) (12.6)

Ballast, when carried, must meet the requirements defined in 4.2.F of the USHGA Rulebook.

4.6. Parachutes (4.2.C) (12.6)

Emergency parachutes that meet the approval of the Meet Director and Safety Director are mandatory. A readily accessible hook knife is recommended.

4.7. Global Positioning System Receivers (4.2.I.) (6.3) (12.6)

Flight verification will be by computer using the Compe-GPS program. GPS receivers compatible with Compe-GPS are required equipment for all competitors. All Garmin, MLR, and Top Navigator GPS receivers are compatible with Compe-GPS. Pilots not using Garmin GPS receivers must provide their own data transfer cables. The mapping/scoring system is based on the WGS84 Datum and the required format for reporting landing position is (e.g.) N28°15.190’ W081°41.088’. Compatible backup GPS receivers are permitted.

All competitors are required to upload the Official Waypoints from the Scorekeeper or Meet Director before the contest starts. If you transfer the competition waypoints from another source you will not receive your 2002 Nationals Pilot ID Number Waypoint.

The Scorekeeper and Meet Director will be on site three days before the 2002 Nationals start. Uploads are very quick and easy and can be done anywhere - even on the hill or in the LZ. Uploads will also be available at the Sept 20 Mandatory Pilot Meeting and at every Daily Pilot Meeting.

Please refer to the GPS Set Up and Operation Guide included in this rulebook for more information. There will be a seminar in competition GPS use given by the Scorekeeper after the Sept. 20 Mandatory Pilot Meeting.

4.8. Other Equipment (4.2.K) (12.6)

Any other equipment not specifically prohibited by the rules is permitted, however the Meet Director and/or Safety Director may prohibit the use of any equipment for safety reasons.

5. Tasks (12.6)

5.1. Task Selection (12.6)

The Meet Director will select a Task Committee at the Sept. 20 Mandatory Pilot Meeting. The Meet Director may change the Task Committee at any time during the meet. The daily task will be a decision of the Meet Director after consultation with the Safety Director and the Task Committee. The task will be announced at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

5.2. Alternate Tasks (12.6)

There may be alternate tasks, depending on weather and other circumstances. If alternate tasks are considered, they will be presented with the primary task at the Daily Pilot Meeting. The Meet Director, after consultation with the Safety Director, will choose the task, and communicate that decision to the pilots prior to the first competitor launch.

5.3. Task Format (12.6)

All tasks will be cross-country races to a goal, with or without Turnpoints. The Meet Director will attempt to call tasks so that the estimated time of the fastest pilot will be between two and four hours.

5.4 Safety Committee (12.6)

There will be a Safety Committee composed of four competitors. The Meet Director will nominate 10 pilots at the Sept 20 Mandatory Pilot Meeting. Four of these pilots will be elected by the competitors to serve on the Safety Committee. This committee will advise the Meet Director and Safety Director on weather and other safety issues once the task has begun.

5.5 Task Cancellation (6.7) (12.6)

If conditions become unsuitable for competition after pilots are in the air, but prior to the First Start Time, the Meet Director, in consultation with the Safety Director, may cancel the task. That decision will be communicated to the pilots on 151.925 MHz and verbally to pilots who have not yet launched. If weather or other conditions become hazardous after the task has begun and the Meet Director, in consultation with the Safety Director and those airborne Safety Committee members reachable by radio, decides to cancel the task, that information will be broadcast at ten-minute intervals (i.e.; 1:40, 1:50, 2:00, 2:10...) for a period of one hour on 151.925 MHz. The Meet Director is the only person authorized to cancel the task. Since radio transmissions are not infallible, no pilot should make any assumptions as to whether a task has been canceled unless he/she has actually heard the cancellation announcement and has recognized the Meet Director's voice.

Please remember that pilot judgment is critical as to whether to continue the task in a hazardous weather situation. Each individual competitor is the best judge of what constitutes safe conditions for that competitor. Each pilot is completely responsible for his/her own safety at all times.

Cancelled tasks will not be scored.

6. Launch and Start (12.6)

6.2. Launch Order (6.2.A) (9.5) (12.6)

Prior to the opening of the Launch (or Launches) pilots will determine the pre-launch order by lining up their gliders in the order in which they intend to launch. The launch corridors must be kept open at all times, and competitors must not leave unattended gear in the corridors. After three tasks have been completed, the top 15 pilots based on the overall cumulative standings will be allowed priority in choosing their position in the pre-launch order. A pilot moving to the Launch Area must be ready to fly. No pilot may leave his or her glider from this time on. The Launch Director will determine the Launch Order of the pilots in the Launch Area. Be sure your GPS is ON and has acquired a position, your previous Track Log has been cleared and a new Track Log is recording.

A pilot who fails to launch within two attempts, refuses launch or is found to be not ready by the Launch Director will be pulled out of the Launch Order and, at the discretion of the Meet Director, either moved to the back of pre-launch order or returned to the Launch Order, if doing so will not inconvenience, or cause a disadvantage to, other pilots in the Launch Order.

A pilot in the pre-launch order, who is suited up and completely ready to fly, may “push” the Launch by announcing, “I’m pushing.” to the Meet Director. When the Launch is being pushed, each pilot in the Launch Order, will have one minute (of launchable conditions as defined by the Launch Director) to either launch or decline launch and move to the back of the pre-launch order. Failure to either launch or move expeditiously out of the Launch area may result in penalties. When the “pushing” pilot gets to Launch, he or she will have one minute (of launchable conditions as defined by the Launch Director) to launch or he will receive a 15% daily score penalty and be moved to the back of the pre-launch order.

6.3. Launch Window (9.5) (12.6)

The launch will open at 12:15 PM each day and close at 3:00 PM, unless specified otherwise by the Meet Director at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

6.4. Start Procedures (12.6)

A Start Cylinder, defined by GPS coordinates, will be used for all starts. Cylinder radius will be specified at the Daily Pilot Meeting. Pilots must simply fly out of the Start Cylinder to start.

If a pilot starts before the First Start Time then they will have 20 minutes added to their time for every 20 minutes (or part thereof) that they have started before the First Start Time. They will be given the First Start Time as their Start Time. Multiple starts are permitted. The latest start time recorded by the GPS track log will be the one used, as long as all subsequent waypoints are in the proper sequence.

The Start Cylinder will usually be open one hour, at a time determined by the Meet Director and announced at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

Start Times will usually be scored on twenty-minute intervals. (i.e. 2:19:25 will be scored as 2:20:00). Start Time Interval will be announced at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

GPS Track Logs will be the only method of determining compliance with Task requirements.

6.5. Reflights (12.6)

Reflights will only be allowed during the time that the Launch Window is open. Pilots must re-launch from the Official Launch and must get the Launch Director’s approval before re-launching.

In order to qualify for ONT transport back to launch you must land in the official Reflight LZ. ONTs will make at least one scheduled trip from the official Reflight LZ back to launch each competition day. Reflight Transport is not guaranteed and will be available on a first-come, first-serve basis. The Reflight Transport Schedule will be announced by the Transport Director at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

6.6 Turnpoints (6.3.B.) (12.6)

Turnpoint Cylinders, defined by GPS coordinates, will be used for all turnpoints. Cylinder radius will be specified at the Daily Pilot Meeting. Pilots must simply fly through (not around) the Turnpoint Cylinder to achieve the turnpoint.

GPS Track Logs will be the only method of determining compliance with Task requirements.

7. Finish (6.4) (9.6.A) (12.6)

7.2. Finish at Goal (6.3B) (6.4) (9.3.B) (9.6.A) (12.6)

A Goal Cylinder, defined by GPS coordinates, will be used for all finishes. Cylinder radius will be specified at the Daily Pilot Meeting. Pilots must simply fly into the Goal Cylinder to finish. You may enter the Goal Cylinder on any heading, at any altitude.

Pilots who enter the Goal Cylinder after the goal is closed will receive distance points, but will not receive speed points.

GPS Track Logs will be the only method of determining compliance with Task requirements.

Where practical, there will be a Goal LZ near the Goal Cylinder. Pilots are not required to land at the Goal LZ. The Goal LZ will be as close to the Goal Cylinder as practical. If the Goal LZ is in a different location than the Goal Cylinder, it will be moved BACK along the course line whenever possible.

7.3. Finish Short of Goal (6.4.E) (12.6)

All pilots who land short of goal must mark their landing points as Waypoints with their GPS receiver(s).

7.4 Reporting (6.4.E) (12.6)

Reporting in to Meet HQ is a required part of the task. All competitors must turn in a completed flight verification form and offer their GPS Track Logs for downloading before the Reporting Deadline. Failure to do so may result in penalties.

In addition to being part of the task, reporting in is a final safety check and “head count” of pilots at the end of the flying day. Pilots who did not fly, and those who flew and “bombed out” are still required to check in before the Reporting Deadline.

Deliberate falsification of flight and/or landing data will result in disqualification. If there is a problem with the GPS Track Log due to equipment malfunction, a backup GPS will be called for. If no backup GPS is available, pilots may be penalized or zeroed for the day.

A properly completed flight verification form will include the date, pilot name, pilot number, start time, number of Turnpoints achieved, and landing location. The forms will be available at HQ.

Sample Flight Verification Form

2002 OV PG XC Nationals

THIS SIDE FOR OFFICIAL USE

Flight Verification Form

Date____________ Pilot No.___________

Pilot Name__________________________

Start Time__________________________

TPs achieved_______________________

Landing Coordinates (or GOAL)

Latitude____________________________

Longitude__________________________

GPS Ready for Downloading? ______

Use the back of this form to include any other info or comments. We love a good story.

8. Performance Measurement (6.5.) (12.6)

Performance measurement will be by computer using Compe-GPS for flight verification and RACE SP3 for scoring. Great Circle Distances will be calculated to within (approximately) 0.01 mile from Latitude/Longitude coordinates. Final positioning will be given as Latitude/Longitude and flight distance will be given in miles.

9. Penalties and Disqualification ( 6.8.A) (6.8.B) (12.6)

Penalties may be assessed or competitors disqualified for violation of any rule contained or referred to in the 2002 USHGA Competition Rulebook, the 2002 Nationals Rulebook, the 2002 CIVL Sporting Code Section 7, FAR Part 103, FCC Regulations, or for actions that endanger themselves, other competitors, Meet Officials, volunteers, or spectators. Except where specifically stated in the rules, the magnitude of the penalty will be at the discretion of the Meet Director. Penalties may be applied to either the daily or cumulative score.

As an example, a 10% day penalty will result in the competitor only receiving 90% of his/her score for that day. A 100% day penalty means that the competitor receives a zero for that day. The same principle holds for penalties applied to the competitor's cumulative score.

9.1 Protests (7.) (12.4)

Protests will follow the procedure outlined in section 7 of the 2002 USHGA Rulebook. The protest fee is $25.00. All protest fees not refunded will be donated to the USHGA Hang Gliding World Team Fund (please note that protest fees at the 2002 HG Nationals were donated to the PG world Team Fund).

10. Scoring and Results (6.5)

10.1. Minimum / Maximum Rounds (12.4)

A minimum of one round will be necessary to declare a winner. There will be a maximum of seven rounds.

10.2. Daily Score (6.5)

The Scorekeeper will determine a competitor's score based on distance flown as determined by the GPS Track Log and Waypoint data and/or the competitor's time based on the GPS Track Logs.

Each pilot's daily score will be computed using the GAP 2002 scoring formula as supported by the RACE SP3 scoring software. Information about RACE and scoring formulas may be found at the RACE website at: www.fai.org .

Variables selected by the Meet Director for the GAP 2002 formula:

Nominal Distance: 30 miles

Minimum Distance: 5 miles

Nominal Goal percentage: 30%

Nominal Time: 2 hours.

10.3 Provisional, Revised, and Final Scores (12.6)

Provisional Scores for the previous day’s round will be posted at HQ and at the Daily Pilot Meeting. Competitors are required to check the Provisional Scores and advise the Scorekeeper of any problems.

In most cases, 36 hours after the Provisional Scores are posted, Final Scores will be posted at HQ and at the Daily Pilot Meeting.

The Scorekeeper may issue Revised Scores before posting Final Scores, in which case the Final Scores will not be posted until the Revised Scores are accurate.

10.4 Contest Winner and Awards (5.3) (8.9) (10.5)

The U.S. National Paragliding Champions will be the U.S. pilots with the highest points totals at the end of the Sept. 27 contest day. In the event of a tie, the pilots with the highest scores before the beginning of the last round will be declared the winners. Any group of four pilots that declare themselves to be a team no later than the Sept. 20 Mandatory Pilot Meeting will be scored in the 2002 Kari Castle Classic Team Paragliding Championships. Trophies will be presented for the following performances:

U.S. National Champion:

The highest placing U.S. pilot in the 2002 Nationals overall point standings.

U.S. Women’s National Champion:

The highest placing U.S. woman pilot in the 2002 Nationals overall point standings

2002 U.S. National Paragliding Championships

First Place: To the highest placing pilot overall.

Second Place: To the second highest placing pilot overall.

Third Place: To the third highest placing pilot overall.

2002 Women’s U.S. National Paragliding Championships

First Place: To the highest placing woman pilot.

Second Place: To the second highest placing woman pilot.

Third Place: To the third highest placing woman pilot.

2002 U.S. National Serial Class Paragliding Championships

First Place: To the highest placing serial class pilot.

Second Place: To the second highest placing serial class pilot.

Third Place: To the third highest placing serial class pilot.

2002 Kari Castle Classic Team Paragliding Championships

First Place: To the highest placing team of four.

Second Place: To the second highest placing team of four.

Third Place: To the third highest placing team of four.

NOTES:

APPENDIX A

GPS SET UP

All GPS receivers must be set with the following parameters:

Time Zone: UTC –07:00

Datum: WGS84

Track Method: Fill

Track Log Interval: At most 30 seconds

Track Log Duration: At least 6 hours log.

Position Format: hddd’mm.mmm’

Units: Statute

Heading: True

Competition Waypoints

All competitors are required to download the Official Waypoints from the Scorekeeper or Meet Director before the contest starts. If you transfer the competition waypoints from another source you will not receive your 2002 Nationals Pilot ID Number Waypoint. See 4.7 GPS Receivers.

GPS Operation Guide

To verify a turn point or start at least part of a track log segment must be inside that turn point or start cylinder. A track log segment is the straight line between two consecutive track log points less than 60 seconds apart. As an added security measure to ensure the GPS records an “in cylinder” segment, the pilot should mark a waypoint while in the cylinder. If the timestamp on this waypoint is consistent with the automatic track log it will be considered as a track log point.

10 STEP COMPETITION GPS CHECK LIST

1. BEFORE Launching – Turn GPS ON.

2. CLEAR previous Track Log.

3. RECORD TRACK LOG is set to YES.

4. Make sure GPS has acquired a position before Launch.

5. Before leaving Start Cylinder – Press MARK then ENTER

6. While In Turnpoint Cylinder – Press MARK then ENTER

7. Landing short of goal– Record your landing coordinates as a waypoint.

8. While in Goal Cylinder-Press MARK then ENTER

9. After landing: - Turn GPS OFF.

10. BEFORE TURNING YOUR GPS RECEIVER IN TO THE SCOREKEEPER TO HAVE THE TRACKLOG DOWNLOADED, YOU MUST MAKE SURE THAT IT IS IN THE GARMIN TO GARMIN INTERFACE MODE.

Pressing MARK then ENTER records a waypoint that will be added to the Track Log. This is optional, but highly recommended where the course line deviates significantly around the turnpoint, for example in an Out and Return. To ensure an accurate timestamp make sure you press ENTER within 5 seconds of pressing MARK.

Pilots using GPS logging with more frequent data points, say every 5 seconds, need not be concerned with manually setting waypoints. They can just fly the course.

Remember: If a GPS receiver doesn’t have a fix it will not be recording a track log, even if it is on.

It is strongly recommended to use1000 mAh or better AA batteries in Garmin GPSs.

Garmin Track Log Duration Table

The track log duration of any Garmin receiver can be calculated as follows: (Track log memory data points available/60/recording interval in seconds/60)

Garmin Model: GPS 38, GPS 40, GPS 45

Track Log Memory: 768 data points

Time Interval: Recording Time (Hours):

30 seconds	6.4
25 seconds	5.3
20 seconds	4.2
15 seconds	3.2
10 seconds	2.1

Garmin Model: GPS 12, GPS 12XL, 12 Map GPS II, GPS II+

Track Log Memory: 1024 data points

Time Interval: Recording Time (Hours):

30 seconds	8.5
25 seconds	7.1
20 seconds	5.6
15 seconds	4.2
10 seconds	2.8

Garmin Model: GPS III, GPS III Pilot

Track Log Memory: 2048 data points

Time Interval: Recording Time (Hours):

30 seconds	17
25 seconds	14.2
20 seconds	11.3
15 seconds	8.5
10 seconds	5.6
5 seconds	2.8

APPENDIX B

FAR 103.23: FLIGHT VISIBILITY AND CLOUD CLEARANCE REQUIREMENTS

No person may operate an ultralight vehicle when the flight visibility or distance from clouds is less than that in the table below. All operations in Class A, Class B, Class C, and Class D airspace or Class E airspace designated for an airport must receive prior ATC authorization as required in §103.17 of this part.

AIRSPACE	FLIGHT VISIBILITY	DIST FROM CLOUDS
Class A	Not Applicable	Not Applicable
Class B	3 statute miles	Clear of clouds
Class C	3 statute miles	500 feet below 1,000 feet above 2,000 feet horizontal
Class D	3 statute miles	500 feet below 1,000 feet above 2,000 feet horizontal
Class E Less than 10,000 feet MSL	3 statute miles	500 feet below 1,000 feet above 2,000 feet horizontal
Class E At or above 10,000 feet MSL	5 statute miles	1,000 feet below 1,000 feet above 1 statute mile horizontal
Class G 1,200 feet or less above the surface (regardless of MSL altitude)	1 statute mile	Clear of clouds
Class G More than 1,200 feet above the surface but less than 10,000 feet MSL	1 statute mile	500 feet below 1,000 feet above 2,000 feet horizontal
Class G More than 1,200 feet above the surface and at or above 10,000 feet MSL	5 statute miles	1,000 feet below 1,000 feet above 1 statute mile horizontal